June
2026
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2026A&A...710A.277Q
Authors
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Quilley, L.
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de Lapparent, V.
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Bolzonella, M.
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Baes, M.
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Damjanov, I.
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Häußler, B.
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Marleau, F. R.
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Nersesian, A.
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Saifollahi, T.
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Scott, D.
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Sorce, J. G.
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Tortora, C.
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Urbano, M.
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Aghanim, N.
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Altieri, B.
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Amara, A.
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Andreon, S.
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Auricchio, N.
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Baccigalupi, C.
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Baldi, M.
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Balestra, A.
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Bardelli, S.
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Basset, A.
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Battaglia, P.
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Biviano, A.
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Bonchi, A.
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Bonino, D.
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Branchini, E.
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Brescia, M.
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Brinchmann, J.
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Caillat, A.
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Camera, S.
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Capobianco, V.
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Carbone, C.
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Carretero, J.
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Casas, S.
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Castellano, M.
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Castignani, G.
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Cavuoti, S.
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Cimatti, A.
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Colodro-Conde, C.
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Congedo, G.
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Conselice, C. J.
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Conversi, L.
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Copin, Y.
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Courbin, F.
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Courtois, H. M.
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Cropper, M.
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Cuillandre, J.-C.
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Da Silva, A.
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Degaudenzi, H.
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De Lucia, G.
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Di Giorgio, A. M.
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Dinis, J.
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Dubath, F.
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Duncan, C. A. J.
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Dupac, X.
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Dusini, S.
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Ealet, A.
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Farina, M.
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Farrens, S.
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Faustini, F.
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Ferriol, S.
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Fotopoulou, S.
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Frailis, M.
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Franceschi, E.
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Fumana, M.
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Galeotta, S.
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George, K.
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Gillis, B.
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Giocoli, C.
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Gómez-Alvarez, P.
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Grazian, A.
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Grupp, F.
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Haugan, S. V. H.
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Hoar, J.
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Holmes, W.
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Hormuth, F.
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Hornstrup, A.
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Hudelot, P.
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Jahnke, K.
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Jhabvala, M.
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Keihänen, E.
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Kermiche, S.
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Kiessling, A.
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Kilbinger, M.
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Kubik, B.
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Kuijken, K.
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Kümmel, M.
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Kunz, M.
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Kurki-Suonio, H.
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Laureijs, R.
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Le Mignant, D.
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Ligori, S.
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Lilje, P. B.
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Lindholm, V.
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Lloro, I.
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Mainetti, G.
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Maino, D.
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Maiorano, E.
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Mansutti, O.
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Marggraf, O.
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Markovic, K.
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Martinelli, M.
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Martinet, N.
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Marulli, F.
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Massey, R.
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Medinaceli, E.
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Mei, S.
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Melchior, M.
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Mellier, Y.
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Meneghetti, M.
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Merlin, E.
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Meylan, G.
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Mora, A.
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Moresco, M.
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Moscardini, L.
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Nakajima, R.
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Neissner, C.
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Nichol, R. C.
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Niemi, S.-M.
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Padilla, C.
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Paltani, S.
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Pasian, F.
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Pedersen, K.
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Percival, W. J.
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Pettorino, V.
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Pires, S.
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Polenta, G.
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Poncet, M.
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Popa, L. A.
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Pozzetti, L.
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Raison, F.
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Rebolo, R.
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Renzi, A.
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Rhodes, J.
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Riccio, G.
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Romelli, E.
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Roncarelli, M.
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Rossetti, E.
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Saglia, R.
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Sakr, Z.
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Sapone, D.
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Sartoris, B.
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Schirmer, M.
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Schneider, P.
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Schrabback, T.
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Secroun, A.
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Sefusatti, E.
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Seidel, G.
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Serrano, S.
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Sirignano, C.
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Sirri, G.
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Stanco, L.
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Steinwagner, J.
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Tallada-Crespí, P.
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Taylor, A. N.
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Tereno, I.
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Toledo-Moreo, R.
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Torradeflot, F.
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Tutusaus, I.
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Valenziano, L.
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Vassallo, T.
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Verdoes Kleijn, G.
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Veropalumbo, A.
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Wang, Y.
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Weller, J.
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Zamorani, G.
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Zucca, E.
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Burigana, C.
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Scottez, V.
Abstract
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The background galaxies in Euclid Early Release Observation images of the Perseus cluster make up a remarkable sample for the combination of a 0.57 deg2 area, 25.3 and 23.2 AB mag depth, and angular resolutions in the optical and near-infrared bands of 0⋅''1 and 0⋅''3, respectively. As part of the effort towards characterising the history of the Hubble sequence, we performed a morphological analysis of 2445 and 12 786 galaxies with IE ≤ 21 and IE ≤ 23, respectively. We used single-Sérsic profiles and the sums of a Sérsic bulge and an exponential disc to model these galaxies with SourceXtractor++ and analysed their positional, structural, and flux parameters in order to assess their similarities and differences. The fitted galaxies to IE ≤ 21 span the various Hubble types with ubiquitous bulge and disc components and a bulge-to-total light ratio (B/T) that takes all values from 0 to 1. The effective radius of the single-Sérsic profile is an intermediate estimate of galaxy size (between the bulge and disc effective radii) depending on B/T. The axis ratio of the single-Sérsic profile is higher than the disc axis ratio, and this difference increases with B/T. The choice of model impacts the photometry with −0.08 to 0.01 mag median systematic IE offsets between single-Sérsic and bulge-disc total magnitudes and a 0.05─0.15 mag dispersion from low to high B/T. We measured a median 0.3 mag bulge-disc colour difference in rest-frame Mg − Mi that originates from the disc-dominated galaxies, whereas bulge-dominated galaxies have median colours similar to those of their components. Remarkably, we also measured redder inside disc colour gradients based on 5 to 10% systematic variations of disc effective radii between the optical and near-infrared bands. This analysis demonstrates the usefulness and limitations of single-Sérsic profile modelling and the power of bulge-disc decomposition for characterising the morphology of lenticulars and spirals in Euclid images. We make available the catalogues of best-fit parameters for the morphological and SED fits.
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