September
2024
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2024ApJ...972...74M
Authors
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Marshall, Herman L.
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Liodakis, Ioannis
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Marscher, Alan P.
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Di Lalla, Niccolò
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Jorstad, Svetlana G.
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Kim, Dawoon E.
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Middei, Riccardo
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Negro, Michela
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Omodei, Nicola
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Peirson, Abel L.
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Perri, Matteo
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Puccetti, Simonetta
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Laurenti, Marco
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Agudo, Iván
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Bonnoli, Giacomo
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Berdyugin, Andrei V.
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Cavazzuti, Elisabetta
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Rodriguez Cavero, Nicole
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Donnarumma, Immacolata
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Di Gesu, Laura
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Jormanainen, Jenni
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Krawczynski, Henric
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Lindfors, Elina
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Madjeski, Greg
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Marin, Frédéric
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Massaro, Francesco
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Pacciani, Luigi
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Poutanen, Juri
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Tavecchio, Fabrizio
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Kouch, Pouya M.
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Aceituno, Francisco José
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Bernardos, Maria I.
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Casanova, Víctor
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García-Comas, Maya
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Agís-González, Beatriz
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Husillos, César
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Marchini, Alessandro
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Sota, Alfredo
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Blinov, Dmitry
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Bourbah, Ioakeim G.
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Kielhmann, Sebastian
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Kontopodis, Evangelos
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Mandarakas, Nikos
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Romanopoulos, Stylianos
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Skalidis, Raphael
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Vervelaki, Anna
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Borman, George A.
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Kopatskaya, Evgenia N.
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Larionova, Elena G.
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Morozova, Daria A.
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Savchenko, Sergey S.
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Vasilyev, Andrey A.
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Zhovtan, Alexey V.
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Casadio, Carolina
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Escudero, Juan
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Kramer, Joana
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Myserlis, Ioannis
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Trainou, Efthalia
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Imazawa, Ryo
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Sasada, Mahito
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Fukazawa, Yasushi
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Kawabata, Koji S.
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Uemura, Makoto
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Mizuno, Tsunefumi
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Nakaoka, Tatsuya
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Akitaya, Hiroshi
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Masiero, Joseph R.
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Mawet, Dimitri
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Panopoulou, Georgia V.
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Tinyanont, Samaporn
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Kagitani, Masato
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Kravtsov, Vadim
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Sakanoi, Takeshi
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Dattolo, Matthew
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Gurwell, Mark
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Keating, Garrett
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Rao, Ramprasad
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Cheong, Whee Yeon
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Jeong, Hyeon-Woo
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Kang, Sincheol
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Kim, Sang-Hyun
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Lee, Sang-Sung
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Angelakis, Emmanouil
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Kraus, Alexander
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Hales, Antonio
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Kameno, Seiji
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Kneissl, Ruediger
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Messias, Hugo
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Nagai, Hiroshi
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Antonelli, Lucio A.
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Bachetti, Matteo
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Baldini, Luca
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Baumgartner, Wayne H.
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Bellazzini, Ronaldo
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Bianchi, Stefano
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Bongiorno, Stephen D.
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Bonino, Raffaella
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Brez, Alessandro
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Bucciantini, Niccolò
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Capitanio, Fiamma
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Castellano, Simone
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Chen, Chen-Ting
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Ciprini, Stefano
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Costa, Enrico
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De Rosa, Alessandra
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Del Monte, Ettore
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Di Marco, Alessandro
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Doroshenko, Victor
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Dovčiak, Michal
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Ehlert, Steven R.
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Enoto, Teruaki
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Evangelista, Yuri
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Fabiani, Sergio
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Ferrazzoli, Riccardo
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Garcia, Javier A.
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Gunji, Shuichi
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Hayashida, Kiyoshi
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Heyl, Jeremy
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Iwakiri, Wataru
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Kaaret, Philip
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Karas, Vladimir
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Kislat, Fabian
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Kitaguchi, Takao
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Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J.
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La Monaca, Fabio
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Latronico, Luca
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Maldera, Simone
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Manfreda, Alberto
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Marinucci, Andrea
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Matt, Giorgio
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Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki
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Muleri, Fabio
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Ng, C. -Y.
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O'Dell, Stephen L.
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Oppedisano, Chiara
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Papitto, Alessandro
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Pavlov, George G.
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Pesce-Rollins, Melissa
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Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier
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Pilia, Maura
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Possenti, Andrea
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Ramsey, Brian D.
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Rankin, John
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Ratheesh, Ajay
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Roberts, Oliver J.
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Romani, Roger W.
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Sgrò, Carmelo
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Slane, Patrick
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Soffitta, Paolo
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Spandre, Gloria
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Swartz, Douglas A.
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Tamagawa, Toru
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Taverna, Roberto
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Tawara, Yuzuru
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Tennant, Allyn F.
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Thomas, Nicholas E.
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Tombesi, Francesco
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Trois, Alessio
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Tsygankov, Sergey S.
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Turolla, Roberto
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Vink, Jacco
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Weisskopf, Martin C.
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Wu, Kinwah
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Xie, Fei
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Zane, Silvia
Abstract
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We present X-ray polarimetry observations from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) of three low spectral peak and one intermediate spectral peak blazars, namely 3C 273, 3C 279, 3C 454.3, and S5 0716+714. For none of these objects was IXPE able to detect X-ray polarization at the 3σ level. However, we placed upper limits on the polarization degree at ∼10%–30%. The undetected polarizations favor models where the X-ray band is dominated by unpolarized photons upscattered by relativistic electrons in the jets of blazars, although hadronic models are not completely eliminated. We discuss the X-ray polarization upper limits in the context of our contemporaneous multiwavelength polarization campaigns.
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