Planck-dust-allsky

Observations of Low and Intermediate Spectral Peak Blazars with the Imaging X-Ray Polarimetry Explorer

September 2024 • 2024ApJ...972...74M

Authors • Marshall, Herman L. • Liodakis, Ioannis • Marscher, Alan P. • Di Lalla, Niccolò • Jorstad, Svetlana G. • Kim, Dawoon E. • Middei, Riccardo • Negro, Michela • Omodei, Nicola • Peirson, Abel L. • Perri, Matteo • Puccetti, Simonetta • Laurenti, Marco • Agudo, Iván • Bonnoli, Giacomo • Berdyugin, Andrei V. • Cavazzuti, Elisabetta • Rodriguez Cavero, Nicole • Donnarumma, Immacolata • Di Gesu, Laura • Jormanainen, Jenni • Krawczynski, Henric • Lindfors, Elina • Madjeski, Greg • Marin, Frédéric • Massaro, Francesco • Pacciani, Luigi • Poutanen, Juri • Tavecchio, Fabrizio • Kouch, Pouya M. • Aceituno, Francisco José • Bernardos, Maria I. • Casanova, Víctor • García-Comas, Maya • Agís-González, Beatriz • Husillos, César • Marchini, Alessandro • Sota, Alfredo • Blinov, Dmitry • Bourbah, Ioakeim G. • Kielhmann, Sebastian • Kontopodis, Evangelos • Mandarakas, Nikos • Romanopoulos, Stylianos • Skalidis, Raphael • Vervelaki, Anna • Borman, George A. • Kopatskaya, Evgenia N. • Larionova, Elena G. • Morozova, Daria A. • Savchenko, Sergey S. • Vasilyev, Andrey A. • Zhovtan, Alexey V. • Casadio, Carolina • Escudero, Juan • Kramer, Joana • Myserlis, Ioannis • Trainou, Efthalia • Imazawa, Ryo • Sasada, Mahito • Fukazawa, Yasushi • Kawabata, Koji S. • Uemura, Makoto • Mizuno, Tsunefumi • Nakaoka, Tatsuya • Akitaya, Hiroshi • Masiero, Joseph R. • Mawet, Dimitri • Panopoulou, Georgia V. • Tinyanont, Samaporn • Kagitani, Masato • Kravtsov, Vadim • Sakanoi, Takeshi • Dattolo, Matthew • Gurwell, Mark • Keating, Garrett • Rao, Ramprasad • Cheong, Whee Yeon • Jeong, Hyeon-Woo • Kang, Sincheol • Kim, Sang-Hyun • Lee, Sang-Sung • Angelakis, Emmanouil • Kraus, Alexander • Hales, Antonio • Kameno, Seiji • Kneissl, Ruediger • Messias, Hugo • Nagai, Hiroshi • Antonelli, Lucio A. • Bachetti, Matteo • Baldini, Luca • Baumgartner, Wayne H. • Bellazzini, Ronaldo • Bianchi, Stefano • Bongiorno, Stephen D. • Bonino, Raffaella • Brez, Alessandro • Bucciantini, Niccolò • Capitanio, Fiamma • Castellano, Simone • Chen, Chen-Ting • Ciprini, Stefano • Costa, Enrico • De Rosa, Alessandra • Del Monte, Ettore • Di Marco, Alessandro • Doroshenko, Victor • Dovčiak, Michal • Ehlert, Steven R. • Enoto, Teruaki • Evangelista, Yuri • Fabiani, Sergio • Ferrazzoli, Riccardo • Garcia, Javier A. • Gunji, Shuichi • Hayashida, Kiyoshi • Heyl, Jeremy • Iwakiri, Wataru • Kaaret, Philip • Karas, Vladimir • Kislat, Fabian • Kitaguchi, Takao • Kolodziejczak, Jeffery J. • La Monaca, Fabio • Latronico, Luca • Maldera, Simone • Manfreda, Alberto • Marinucci, Andrea • Matt, Giorgio • Mitsuishi, Ikuyuki • Muleri, Fabio • Ng, C. -Y. • O'Dell, Stephen L. • Oppedisano, Chiara • Papitto, Alessandro • Pavlov, George G. • Pesce-Rollins, Melissa • Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier • Pilia, Maura • Possenti, Andrea • Ramsey, Brian D. • Rankin, John • Ratheesh, Ajay • Roberts, Oliver J. • Romani, Roger W. • Sgrò, Carmelo • Slane, Patrick • Soffitta, Paolo • Spandre, Gloria • Swartz, Douglas A. • Tamagawa, Toru • Taverna, Roberto • Tawara, Yuzuru • Tennant, Allyn F. • Thomas, Nicholas E. • Tombesi, Francesco • Trois, Alessio • Tsygankov, Sergey S. • Turolla, Roberto • Vink, Jacco • Weisskopf, Martin C. • Wu, Kinwah • Xie, Fei • Zane, Silvia

Abstract • We present X-ray polarimetry observations from the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) of three low spectral peak and one intermediate spectral peak blazars, namely 3C 273, 3C 279, 3C 454.3, and S5 0716+714. For none of these objects was IXPE able to detect X-ray polarization at the 3σ level. However, we placed upper limits on the polarization degree at ∼10%–30%. The undetected polarizations favor models where the X-ray band is dominated by unpolarized photons upscattered by relativistic electrons in the jets of blazars, although hadronic models are not completely eliminated. We discuss the X-ray polarization upper limits in the context of our contemporaneous multiwavelength polarization campaigns.

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Joe_masiero

Joe Masiero

Associate Scientist