The Discovery of a Planetary Companion Interior to Hot Jupiter WASP-132 b

July 2022 • 2022AJ....164...13H

Authors • Hord, Benjamin J. • Colón, Knicole D. • Berger, Travis A. • Kostov, Veselin • Silverstein, Michele L. • Stassun, Keivan G. • Lissauer, Jack J. • Collins, Karen A. • Schwarz, Richard P. • Sefako, Ramotholo • Ziegler, Carl • Briceño, César • Law, Nicholas • Mann, Andrew W. • Ricker, George R. • Latham, David W. • Seager, S. • Winn, Joshua N. • Jenkins, Jon M. • Bouma, Luke G. • Falk, Ben • Torres, Guillermo • Twicken, Joseph D. • Vanderburg, Andrew

Abstract • Hot Jupiters are generally observed to lack close planetary companions, a trend that has been interpreted as evidence for high-eccentricity migration. We present the discovery and validation of WASP-132 c (TOI-822.02), a 1.85 ± 0.10 R _⊕ planet on a 1.01 day orbit interior to the hot Jupiter WASP-132 b. Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite and ground-based follow-up observations, in conjunction with vetting and validation analysis, enable us to rule out common astrophysical false positives and validate the observed transit signal produced by WASP-132 c as a planet. Running the validation tools vespa and TRICERATOPS on this signal yields false-positive probabilities of 9.02 × 10^-5 and 0.0107, respectively. Analysis of archival CORALIE radial velocity data leads to a 3σ upper limit of 28.23 ms^-1 on the amplitude of any 1.01 day signal, corresponding to a 3σ upper mass limit of 37.35 M _⊕. Dynamical simulations reveal that the system is stable within the 3σ uncertainties on the planetary and orbital parameters for timescales of ~100 Myr. The existence of a planetary companion near the hot Jupiter WASP-132 b makes the giant planet's formation and evolution via high-eccentricity migration highly unlikely. Being one of just a handful of nearby planetary companions to hot Jupiters, WASP-132 c carries with it significant implications for the formation of the system and hot Jupiters as a population.

Links

• SIMBAD https://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-ref?querymethod=bib&simbo=on&submit=submit+bibcode&bibcode=2022AJ....164...13H
• PDF https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/ac6f57/pdf
• PREPRINT http://arxiv.org/abs/2205.02501
• DATA https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/bibdata/2022/H/2022AJ....164...13H.html
• ELECTR https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac6f57