TESS Discovery of a Super-Earth and Three Sub-Neptunes Hosted by the Bright, Sun-like Star HD 108236

February 2021 • 2021AJ....161...85D

Authors • Daylan, Tansu • Pinglé, Kartik • Wright, Jasmine • Günther, Maximilian N. • Stassun, Keivan G. • Kane, Stephen R. • Vanderburg, Andrew • Jontof-Hutter, Daniel • Rodriguez, Joseph E. • Shporer, Avi • Huang, Chelsea X. • Mikal-Evans, Thomas • Badenas-Agusti, Mariona • Collins, Karen A. • Rackham, Benjamin V. • Quinn, Samuel N. • Cloutier, Ryan • Collins, Kevin I. • Guerra, Pere • Jensen, Eric L. N. • Kielkopf, John F. • Massey, Bob • Schwarz, Richard P. • Charbonneau, David • Lissauer, Jack J. • Irwin, Jonathan M. • Baştürk, Özgür • Fulton, Benjamin • Soubkiou, Abderahmane • Zouhair, Benkhaldoun • Howell, Steve B. • Ziegler, Carl • Briceño, César • Law, Nicholas • Mann, Andrew W. • Scott, Nic • Furlan, Elise • Ciardi, David R. • Matson, Rachel • Hellier, Coel • Anderson, David R. • Butler, R. Paul • Crane, Jeffrey D. • Teske, Johanna K. • Shectman, Stephen A. • Kristiansen, Martti H. • Terentev, Ivan A. • Schwengeler, Hans Martin • Ricker, George R. • Vanderspek, Roland • Seager, Sara • Winn, Joshua N. • Jenkins, Jon M. • Berta-Thompson, Zachory K. • Bouma, Luke G. • Fong, William • Furesz, Gabor • Henze, Christopher E. • Morgan, Edward H. • Quintana, Elisa • Ting, Eric B. • Twicken, Joseph D.

Abstract • We report the discovery and validation of four extrasolar planets hosted by the nearby, bright, Sun-like (G3V) star HD 108236 using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). We present transit photometry, reconnaissance, and precise Doppler spectroscopy, as well as high-resolution imaging, to validate the planetary nature of the objects transiting HD 108236, also known as the TESS Object of Interest (TOI) 1233. The innermost planet is a possibly rocky super-Earth with a period of ${3.79523}_{-0.00044}^{+0.00047}$ days and has a radius of 1.586 ± 0.098 R_⊕. The outer planets are sub-Neptunes, with potential gaseous envelopes, having radii of ${2.068}_{-0.091}^{+0.10}$ R_⊕, 2.72 ± 0.11 R_⊕, and ${3.12}_{-0.12}^{+0.13}$ R_⊕ and periods of ${6.20370}_{-0.00052}^{+0.00064}$ days, ${14.17555}_{-0.0011}^{+0.00099}$ days, and ${19.5917}_{-0.0020}^{+0.0022}$ days, respectively. With V and K_s magnitudes of 9.2 and 7.6, respectively, the bright host star makes the transiting planets favorable targets for mass measurements and, potentially, for atmospheric characterization via transmission spectroscopy. HD 108236 is the brightest Sun-like star in the visual (V) band known to host four or more transiting exoplanets. The discovered planets span a broad range of planetary radii and equilibrium temperatures and share a common history of insolation from a Sun-like star (R_⋆ = 0.888 ± 0.017 R_⊙, T_eff = 5730 ± 50 K), making HD 108236 an exciting, opportune cosmic laboratory for testing models of planet formation and evolution.

Links

• SIMBAD http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbo.pl?bibcode=2021AJ....161...85D
• PDF https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-3881/abd73e/pdf
• PDF https://stacks.iop.org/1538-3881/161/85/pdf
• PREPRINT http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.11314
• DATA https://archive.gemini.edu/searchform/publication=2021AJ....161...85D
• DATA https://archive.stsci.edu/mastbibref.php?bibcode=2021AJ....161...85D
• DATA https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/bibdata/2021/D/2021AJ....161...85D.html
• ELECTR https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-3881%2Fabd73e
• DATA http://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/DisplayOverview/nph-DisplayOverview?type=REFERENCE&bibcode=2020arXiv200411314D