The ALPINE-ALMA [C II] Survey: Size of Individual Star-forming Galaxies at z = 4-6 and Their Extended Halo Structure

September 2020 • 2020ApJ...900....1F

Authors • Fujimoto, Seiji • Silverman, John D. • Bethermin, Matthieu • Ginolfi, Michele • Jones, Gareth C. • Le Fèvre, Olivier • Dessauges-Zavadsky, Miroslava • Rujopakarn, Wiphu • Faisst, Andreas L. • Fudamoto, Yoshinobu • Cassata, Paolo • Morselli, Laura • Maiolino, Roberto • Schaerer, Daniel • Capak, Peter • Yan, Lin • Vallini, Livia • Toft, Sune • Loiacono, Federica • Zamorani, Gianni • Talia, Margherita • Narayanan, Desika • Hathi, Nimish P. • Lemaux, Brian C. • Boquien, Médéric • Amorin, Ricardo • Ibar, Edo • Koekemoer, Anton M. • Méndez-Hernández, Hugo • Bardelli, Sandro • Vergani, Daniela • Zucca, Elena • Romano, Michael • Cimatti, Andrea

Abstract • We present the physical extent of [C II] 158 μm line-emitting gas from 46 star-forming galaxies at z = 4-6 from the ALMA Large Program to INvestigate C II at Early Times (ALPINE). Using exponential profile fits, we measure the effective radius of the [C II] line (${r}_{{\rm{e}},[{\rm{C}}{\rm\small{II}}]}$) for individual galaxies and compare them with the rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) continuum (${r}_{{\rm{e}},\mathrm{UV}}$) from Hubble Space Telescope images. The effective radius ${r}_{{\rm{e}},[{\rm{C}}{\rm\small{II}}]}$ exceeds ${r}_{{\rm{e}},\mathrm{UV}}$ by factors of ∼2-3, and the ratio of ${r}_{{\rm{e}},[{\rm{C}}{\rm\small{II}}]}/{r}_{{\rm{e}},\mathrm{UV}}$ increases as a function of M_star. We do not find strong evidence that the [C II] line, rest-frame UV, and far-infrared (FIR) continuum are always displaced over ≃1 kpc scale from each other. We identify 30% of isolated ALPINE sources as having an extended [C II] component over 10 kpc scales detected at 4.1σ-10.9σ beyond the size of rest-frame UV and FIR continuum. One object has tentative rotating features up to ∼10 kpc, where the 3D model fit shows the rotating [C II]-gas disk spread over 4 times larger than the rest-frame UV-emitting region. Galaxies with the extended [C II] line structure have high star formation rate, high stellar mass (M_star), low Lyα equivalent width, and more blueshifted (redshifted) rest-frame UV metal absorption (Lyα line), as compared to galaxies without such extended [C II] structures. Although we cannot rule out the possibility that a selection bias toward luminous objects may be responsible for such trends, the star-formation-driven outflow also explains all these trends. Deeper observations are essential to test whether the extended [C II] line structures are ubiquitous to high-z star-forming galaxies.

Links

• SIMBAD http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbo.pl?bibcode=2020ApJ...900....1F
• PDF https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ab94b3/pdf
• PDF https://stacks.iop.org/0004-637X/900/1/pdf
• PREPRINT http://arxiv.org/abs/2003.00013
• DATA http://archive.eso.org/bin/ads2eso?2020ApJ...900....1F
• DATA https://archive.stsci.edu/mastbibref.php?bibcode=2020ApJ...900....1F
• DATA https://hst.esac.esa.int/ehst/#/pages/search;bibcode=2020ApJ...900....1F
• DATA https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/bibdata/2020/F/2020ApJ...900....1F.html
• DATA https://telbib.eso.org/detail.php?bibcode=2020ApJ...900....1F
• ELECTR https://doi.org/10.3847%2F1538-4357%2Fab94b3