<=== observer ===> "HLAMERS",\ "Lamers, H.J.G.L.M.",\ "",\ "SRON Laboratory for Space Research Utrecht",\ "Sorbonnelaan 2",\ "",\ "3584 CA",\ "Utrecht",\ "The Netherlands",\ "31 30 535720",\ "31 30 540860",\ "HENNYL@SRON.RUU.NL" <=== proposal ===> "HOTSTARS", 1, 3,\ {"early-type stars",\ "stellar winds",\ "stellar evolution"},\ {"L.B.F.M. Waters",\ "SRON Groningen"} <=== title ===> Winds and Circumstellar Matter around Hot Luminous Stars <=== abstract ===> SCIENTIFIC ABSTRACT The winds and mass-ejections from luminous stars strongly influence the evolution of massive stars and their surrounding circumstellar and interstellar matter. We propose to study the stellar winds and their circumstellar envelopes in a few stars of different sequential evolutionary stages by means of ISO spectroscopic, photometric and imaging observations. The stages are: O-supergiants, B-supergiants, Luminous Blue Variables and rapidly rotating B[e]-supergiants. The stellar winds of hot stars are characterized by high terminal velocities (10^3 to 3.5 10^3 km/s) and a rapid acceleration. The SWS grating will resolve the line profiles in hot supergiants and so the velocity field can be studied. The infrared Hydrogen and Helium recombination lines are formed in layers of the wind where the acceleration takes place and therefore offer an opportunity to study the radiation driven wind mechanism in detail. This information cannot be obtained from UV observations because the UV resonance lines are often saturated near line centre. Also the IR recombination lines are much easier to model than the Balmer emission lines in the optical. The IR emission lines also provide a measurement of the mass loss rate of the star which does not depend strongly on the details of the ionisation structure of the wind. Therefore these data will give more accurate determinations of the mass loss rate than the UV resonance lines of ions of trace elements as C IV and Si IV. Furthermore it is expected that forbidden lines are present in the IR spectra which will allow an abundance study of the ejecta. Evolutionary calculations predict that the surface abundance of He and N increase as the star strips more and more of its envelope by means of mass loss. Therefore abundance determinations provide a critical test of these evolutionary calculations and of the mass loss history of the star. These measurements are especially meaningful for the ejecta around Luminous Blue Variables (LBV's) since these objects are thought to be the immediate progenitors of Wolf-Rayet stars. OBSERVATION SUMMARY. We plan to observe HI and HeI recombination lines and forbidden line transitions in our targets using SWS grating AOT06 and in four objects AOT01 for full grating scans at reduced resolution. In addition we request PHT-S spectra for all targets. We also request PHT-C measurements at selected wavelengths (60, 90, 160 and 200 microns) of several stars. Finally we request a CAM AOT01 observation of P Cygni using the CVF at the [Ne II] 12.8 mu line with a 6" p.f.o.v.. Linelist for the AOT06 observations: 4.0512 HI 5-4 Br alfa 4.652 HI 7-5 Pf beta 7.4579 HI 6-5 Pf alfa 7.5005 HI 8-6 Hu beta 8.7577 HI 10-7 11.3056 HI 9-7 12.3685 HI 7-6 Hu alfa 12.3838 HI 11-8 16.2047 HI 10-8 16.8760 HI 12-9 19.0569 HI 8-7 22.3344 HI 11-9 27.7958 HI 9-8 38.8593 HI 10-9 4.243 HeI 5-4 4.2947 HeI 5-3 4.6053 HeI 5-4 4.6936 HeI 5-4 7.4351 HeI 3-3 10.88 HeI 4-4 12.37 HeI 7-6 18.095 HeI 4-4 43.944 HeI 4-4 4.652 HeII 14-10 7.205 HeII 14-11 9.114 HeII 15-12 12.367 HeII 14-12 13.128 HeII 11-10 17.261 HeII 12-11 22.180 HeII 13-12 34.649 HeII 15-14 <=== scientific_justification ===> Time distribution for spring launch targets Team: top 40% second 30% last 30% SWS: 14066 25670 11884 Time distribution for autumn launch targets Team: top 40% second 30% last 30% SWS: 9351 19052 10424 Table 1. Cross-references source names -------------------------------------------------------------------------- name 1 name 2 1 Zeta Pup HD66811 2 Eps Ori HD37128 3 Omi CMa HD53138 4 Eta CMa HD58350 5 Bet Ori HD34085 6 Alf Cyg HD197345 7 AG Car HD94910 8 HR Car HD90177 9 P Cyg HD193237 10 Zet1 Sco HD152236 11 CPD-57 2874 -- 12 CPD-52 9243 -- 13 He 3-591 -- 14 He 3-519 -- 15 HD87643 -- 16 Mu Nor HD149038 17 HR 6261 HD152235 18 Eta Car HD93308 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Table 2. Positions and Offsets -------------------------------------------------------------------------- No ra dec precision offset ref. pos window 1950.0 (",") (") 1 08 01 49.5 -39 51 40 1,1 0 1 spr 2 05 33 40.4 -01 13 54 1,1 0 1 spr 3 07 00 56.1 -23 45 31 1,1 0 1 spr 4 07 22 06.9 -29 12 14 1,1 0 1 spr 5 05 12 08.0 -08 15 29 1,1 0 1 spr 6 20 39 43.4 +45 06 02 1,1 0 1 saf 7 10 54 10.5 -60 11 09 1,1 0 1 saf 8 10 21 07.2 -59 22 16 1,1 0 1 saf 9 20 15 56.5 +37 52 35 1,1 0 1 saf 10 16 50 27.7 -42 16 50 1,1 0 1 aut 11 10 13 36.0 -57 36 47 1,1 0 saf 12 16 03 09.4 -52 55 42 1,1 0 aut 13 11 06 33.0 -60 26 30 1,1 0 saf 14 10 51 59.3 -60 10 44 1,1 0 saf 15 10 02 49.7 -58 25 15 1,1 0 1 saf 16 16 30 31.3 -43 56 29 1,1 0 1 aut 17 16 50 27.6 -41 54 48 1,1 0 1 aut 18 10 43 06.9 -59 25 16 1,1 0 1 saf ------------------------------------------------------------------------- References for positions and accuracy 1: SAO catalogue Table 4. Photometric data (fluxes in Jansky) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- no ident J H K L M 12 25 60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Zeta pup 134.8 83.4 49.5 20.6 11.8 3.77 1.33 - 2 Eps ori 238.5 145.0 88.5 39.3 20.7 7.15 1.86 - 3 Omi2 cma 84.2 54.6 33.0 14.5 8.07 2.35 0.65 - 4 Eta cma 146.4 99.4 59.5 27.0 16.1 4.75 1.33 - 5 Beta ori 1286.8 890.1 553.1 250.3 145.5 41.3 10.6 1.98 6 Alfa cyg 733.7 467.1 301.2 122.0 71.1 21.8 5.9 - 7 AG Car 22.8 20.8 13.6 8.29 4.27 12.4 174. 194. 8 HR Car - 5.36 4.43 3.52 - 11.0 53.5 37.1 9 P Cyg - - 30.4 18.9 14.8 5.74 3.5 2.05 10 Zet1 Sco 63.90 51.7 35.9 17.8 15.0 2.61 0.62 0.11 (*) 11 CPD -57 2874 - 5.36 4.43 3.65 - 25.9 8.59 - 12 CPD -52 9243 - - - - - 20.9 10.8 - 13 He 3-591 1.48 2.04 1.88 1.33 - 12.7 205. 129. 14 He 3-519 - - - - - 1.24 15.3 36.6 15 HD 87643 - - 24.4 41.5 - 157. 252. 311. 16 Mu Nor 21.16 14.37 8.93 3.97 2.08 1.8 0.7 - 17 HR 6261 15.76 12.29 8.14 4.04 - 0.9 - - 18 Eta Car B R I G H T ! ! ! ---------------------------------------------------------------------- (*) 12 to 60 mu fluxes estimated assuming Rayleigh-Jeans energy distribution! Table 5. Priorities, Time and Coordination with other consortia. -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Other observations no ident prio AOT time LWS CAM PHT needed in SWS time: (secs) -------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1 Zeta Pup 1 SWS06 4715 + - - PHT-S, PHT-C 2 SWS01 1800 2 PHT40 120 2 PHT22 230 2 Eps Ori 2 SWS06 7432 + - - PHT-S, PHT-C PHT40 120 PHT22 230 3 Omi2 CMa 3 SWS06 4519 - - - PHT-S, PHT-C PHT40 120 PHT22 160 4 Eta CMa 3 SWSO6 2972 - - - PHT-S, PHT-C PHT40 120 PHT22 160 5 Beta Ori 2 SWS06 2910 + - - PHT-S, PHT-C SWS01 3600 PHT40 120 PHT22 355 6 Alfa Cyg 1 SWS06 2706 + - - PHT-S, PHT-C SWS01 3600 PHT40 120 2 PHT22 355 7 AG Car 2 SWS01 1116 + - - PHT-S, PHT-C PHT40 120 PHT22 125 8 HR Car 3 SWS01 1116 + - - PHT-S, PHT-C PHT40 120 PHT22 125 9 P Cyg 1 SWS06 2805 + - - PHT-S, PHT-C CAM-CVF 2 SWS01 1800 1 PHT40 120 2 PHT22 415 2 CAM01 250 10 Zet1 Sco 2 SWS06 4459 - - - PHT-S, PHT-C PHT40 120 PHT22 230 11 CPD-57 2874 3 SWS01 1116 + - - PHT-S PHT40 120 12 CPD-52 9243 3 SWS01 1116 + - - PHT-S PHT40 120 13 He 3-591 3 SWS01 1116 + - - PHT-S PHT40 120 14 He 3-519 2 SWS01 1980 + - - PHT-S PHT40 120 15 HD 87643 2 SWS01 1116 + - - PHT-S PHT40 120 16 Mu Nor 3 SWS06 5235 - - - PHT-S PHT40 120 17 HR 6261 2 SWS06 5370 - - - PHT-S PHT40 120 18 Eta Car 2 SWS01 1116 - - - PHT-S PHT40 120 ----------------------------------------------------------------------- <=== autumn_launch_targets ===> 1, "SWS06",1.,"N", "Alfa Cyg ", 20.66206, 45.10056, 1950, 0.,0., 2706, 2 2, "SWS01",1.,"N", "Alfa Cyg ", 20.66206, 45.10056, 1950, 0.,0., 3600, 3 3, "PHT40",1.,"N", "Alfa Cyg ", 20.66206, 45.10056, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 4 4, "PHT22",2.,"N", "Alfa Cyg ", 20.66206, 45.10056, 1950, 0.,0., 355, 0 5, "SWS01",2.,"N", "AG Car ", 10.90292, -60.18583, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 6 6, "PHT40",2.,"N", "AG Car ", 10.90292, -60.18583, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 7 7, "PHT22",2.,"N", "AG Car ", 10.90292, -60.18583, 1950, 0.,0., 125, 0 8, "SWS01",3.,"N", "HR Car ", 10.35200, -59.37111, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 9 9, "PHT40",3.,"N", "HR Car ", 10.35200, -59.37111, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 10 10, "PHT22",3.,"N", "HR Car ", 10.35200, -59.37111, 1950, 0.,0., 125, 0 11, "SWS06",1.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 2805, 12 12, "SWS01",2.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 1800, 13 13, "PHT40",1.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 14 14, "PHT22",2.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 415, 15 15, "CAM01",2.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 250, 0 16, "SWS06",2.,"N", "Zet1 Sco ", 16.84103, -42.28056, 1950, 0.,0., 4459, 17 17, "PHT40",2.,"N", "Zet1 Sco ", 16.84103, -42.28056, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 18 18, "PHT22",2.,"N", "Zet1 Sco ", 16.84103, -42.28056, 1950, 0.,0., 230, 0 19, "SWS01",3.,"N", "CPD-57 2874 ", 10.22667, -57.61306, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 20 20, "PHT40",3.,"N", "CPD-57 2874 ", 10.22667, -57.61306, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 21, "SWS01",3.,"N", "CPD-52 9243 ", 16.05261, -52.92833, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 22 22, "PHT40",3.,"N", "CPD-52 9243 ", 16.05261, -52.92833, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 23, "SWS01",3.,"N", "He 3-591 ", 11.10917, -60.44167, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 24 24, "PHT40",3.,"N", "He 3-591 ", 11.10917, -60.44167, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 25, "SWS01",2.,"N", "He 3-519 ", 10.86647, -60.17889, 1950, 0.,0., 1980, 26 26, "PHT40",2.,"N", "He 3-519 ", 10.86647, -60.17889, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 27, "SWS01",2.,"N", "HD 87643 ", 10.04714, -58.42083, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 28 28, "PHT40",2.,"N", "HD 87643 ", 10.04714, -58.42083, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 29, "SWS06",3.,"N", "Mu Nor ", 16.50869, -43.94139, 1950, 0.,0., 5235, 30 30, "PHT40",3.,"N", "Mu Nor ", 16.50869, -43.94139, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 31, "SWS06",2.,"N", "HR 6261 ", 16.84100, -41.91333, 1950, 0.,0., 5370, 32 32, "PHT40",2.,"N", "HR 6261 ", 16.84100, -41.91333, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 33, "SWS01",2.,"N", "Eta Car ", 10.71858, -59.42111, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 34 34, "PHT40",2.,"N", "Eta Car ", 10.71858, -59.42111, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 <=== spring_launch_targets ===> 1, "SWS06",1.,"N", "Zeta Pup ", 8.03042, -39.86111, 1950, 0.,0., 4715, 2 2, "SWS01",2.,"N", "Zeta Pup ", 8.03042, -39.86111, 1950, 0.,0., 1800, 3 3, "PHT40",2.,"N", "Zeta Pup ", 8.03042, -39.86111, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 4 4, "PHT22",2.,"N", "Zeta Pup ", 8.03042, -39.86111, 1950, 0.,0., 230, 0 5, "SWS06",2.,"N", "Eps Ori ", 5.56122, -1.23167, 1950, 0.,0., 7432, 6 6, "PHT40",2.,"N", "Eps Ori ", 5.56122, -1.23167, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 7 7, "PHT22",2.,"N", "Eps Ori ", 5.56122, -1.23167, 1950, 0.,0., 230, 0 8, "SWS06",3.,"N", "Omi2 CMa ", 7.01558, -23.75861, 1950, 0.,0., 4519, 9 9, "PHT40",3.,"N", "Omi2 CMa ", 7.01558, -23.75861, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 10 10, "PHT22",3.,"N", "Omi2 CMa ", 7.01558, -23.75861, 1950, 0.,0., 160, 0 11, "SWS06",3.,"N", "Eta CMa ", 7.36858, -29.20389, 1950, 0.,0., 2972, 12 12, "PHT40",3.,"N", "Eta CMa ", 7.36858, -29.20389, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 13 13, "PHT22",3.,"N", "Eta CMa ", 7.36858, -29.20389, 1950, 0.,0., 160, 0 14, "SWS06",2.,"N", "Beta Ori ", 5.20222, -8.25806, 1950, 0.,0., 2910, 15 15, "SWS01",2.,"N", "Beta Ori ", 5.20222, -8.25806, 1950, 0.,0., 3600, 16 16, "PHT40",2.,"N", "Beta Ori ", 5.20222, -8.25806, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 17 17, "PHT22",2.,"N", "Beta Ori ", 5.20222, -8.25806, 1950, 0.,0., 355, 0 18, "SWS06",1.,"N", "Alfa Cyg ", 20.66206, 45.10056, 1950, 0.,0., 2706, 19 19, "SWS01",1.,"N", "Alfa Cyg ", 20.66206, 45.10056, 1950, 0.,0., 3600, 20 20, "PHT40",1.,"N", "Alfa Cyg ", 20.66206, 45.10056, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 21 21, "PHT22",2.,"N", "Alfa Cyg ", 20.66206, 45.10056, 1950, 0.,0., 355, 0 22, "SWS01",2.,"N", "AG Car ", 10.90292, -60.18583, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 23 23, "PHT40",2.,"N", "AG Car ", 10.90292, -60.18583, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 24 24, "PHT22",2.,"N", "AG Car ", 10.90292, -60.18583, 1950, 0.,0., 125, 0 25, "SWS01",3.,"N", "HR Car ", 10.35200, -59.37111, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 26 26, "PHT40",3.,"N", "HR Car ", 10.35200, -59.37111, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 27 27, "PHT22",3.,"N", "HR Car ", 10.35200, -59.37111, 1950, 0.,0., 125, 0 28, "SWS06",1.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 2805, 29 29, "SWS01",2.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 1800, 30 30, "PHT40",1.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 31 31, "PHT22",2.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 415, 32 32, "CAM01",2.,"N", "P Cyg ", 20.26569, 37.87639, 1950, 0.,0., 250, 0 33, "SWS01",3.,"N", "CPD-57 2874 ", 10.22667, -57.61306, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 34 34, "PHT40",3.,"N", "CPD-57 2874 ", 10.22667, -57.61306, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 35, "SWS01",3.,"N", "He 3-591 ", 11.10917, -60.44167, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 36 36, "PHT40",3.,"N", "He 3-591 ", 11.10917, -60.44167, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 37, "SWS01",2.,"N", "He 3-519 ", 10.86647, -60.17889, 1950, 0.,0., 1980, 38 38, "PHT40",2.,"N", "He 3-519 ", 10.86647, -60.17889, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 39, "SWS01",2.,"N", "HD 87643 ", 10.04714, -58.42083, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 40 40, "PHT40",2.,"N", "HD 87643 ", 10.04714, -58.42083, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0 41, "SWS01",2.,"N", "Eta Car ", 10.71858, -59.42111, 1950, 0.,0., 1116, 42 42, "PHT40",2.,"N", "Eta Car ", 10.71858, -59.42111, 1950, 0.,0., 120, 0